Ovulation disorders are the most common cause of female infertility. Other causes are blocked oviducts, which may be a result of inflammatory pelvic disease or endometriosis (a condition that causes adhesions and cysts and is usually painful) or termination of pregnancy. Also, some congenital abnormalities, that is, diseases diagnosed at birth, which are related to the structure of the uterus or uterine fibroids, which are associated with repeated miscarriages.
Some of the factors that may affect infertility are active sexual life since an early age, high number of abortions and several sexual partners. In addition, an important factor is the decision by a significant portion of women to postpone maternity up to their 40s.
Ovulation disorders
Ovulation disorders are responsible for ¼ of infertility problems in couples. These may be due to problems in the regulation of the reproductive hormones by the hypothalamus or pituitary gland or by problems in the ovary itself.
Anomaly in the secretion of FSH and LH hormones
These hormones are responsible for triggering ovulation every month. They are produced during the menstrual cycle by the pituitary gland at a certain rate. Excessive physical or emotional stress, as well as sudden weight loss can disrupt this rhythm of hormone production and affect ovulation. The main indication for this problem is an irregular or absent period. At a lower frequency, certain pituitary diseases are usually associated with deficiencies of other hormones and may be the cause of ovarian disorders.
Polycystic ovary syndrome
This syndrome is responsible for causing complex changes in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and ovaries, resulting in excessive production of androgens, which affects ovulation. It may also be related to the body’s resistance to insulin, but also to obesity.
Problems of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle
These occur when the ovaries do not produce enough progesterone after ovulation. Progesterone is of great importance for the preparation of the endometrium in order to preserve the fertilized egg.